A period of low-intensity conflict between Israeli security forces and Palestinian civilians, along with cases of civil disobedience and other forms of nonviolent conflict. It began on December 1987 following an incident in the Jabaliya Refugee Camp, Gaza Strip, and resulted in hundreds of deaths, mostly Palestinians. The establishment of Hamas took place in late 1987, during the first days of the uprising. The 1988 Palestinian Declaration of Independence refers heavily to the events of the Intifada. It is considered to have gradually come to an end some time between the 1991 Madrid Conference and the signing of the Declaration of Principles in 1993. It became known as the First Intifada following the outbreak of the Second Intifada in 2000.