A law enacted by the Knesset on 18 February 2005, by a vote of 59 For, 40 Against, 5 Abstaining. The law contained measures related to the implementation of the Disengagement Plan, proposed in 2003-4 by Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, by which Israel was to withdraw all military and civilian presence from the Gaza Strip and parts of the northern West Bank. The law is most known for providing arrangements for compensation to be given for residences and businesses evacuated, and is thus nicknamed the “Evacuation-Compensation Law” in Israel. The withdrawal was approved by the Government of Israel in February 2005 and implemented in August 2005.

An agreement between Egypt and Israel that was signed in Geneva, Switzerland, on 4 September 1975, subsequent to the Disengagement Agreement of 18 January 1974. In addition to further redeployment of their armed forces, the two countries resolved “not to resort to the threat or use of force or military blockade against each other”, to observe the ceasefire ending the 1973 War, and to pursue a peace settlement based on UN Security Council Resolution 338. The day before it was signed, the agreement was approved by the Knesset with a vote of 70 For, 43 Against, 7 Abstaining.

An agreement between Israel and Egypt facilitating withdrawals by both countries’ armed forces following the 1973 War, signed on 18 January 1974 on the 101km marker of the Cairo-Suez road. It involved the redeployment of Egyptian forces west of the Suez Canal, and Israeli forces east of it, with a buffer zone on both sides of the canal monitored by the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF). The agreement, signed by the chiefs of staff of both armies, was specifically mentioned not to be a “final peace agreement”, but the first step towards peace. A similar agreement was signed between Israel and Syria on 31 May 1974.

Reference map of Arab localities that were under Jordanian control at the conclusion of the 1948 War, but subsequently transferred to Israel under the terms of the 1949 armistice agreement between the two countries. In return, Israel transferred control of Arab localities in the Hebron area. The areas in question, known as Wadi Ara and the Little Triangle, contain a large portion of Israel's Arab population.

A strip of territory 1-3km wide, roughly 20km north-west of Jerusalem, which became a de facto no man’s land between Israel and Jordan as a result of the 1949 Israel-Jordan Armistice Agreement. It came under full Israeli control as a result of the 1967 Six Day War. Most of the international community views the area as occupied Palestinian territory, along with the adjacent West Bank. The main highway between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem (Route 1) was built through the area in 1979, and a high-speed rail line connecting the two cities, also passing through the area, is currently under construction.

Reference map of electricity infrastructure in the West Bank.

Reference map showing the limits of the Southern Coastal Aquifer, extending from the central Israeli coastal plain to the Gaza Strip. An aquifer is an underground layer of rock, sand or silt from which groundwater can be extracted. This aquifer is an important source of water for both Israel and the Gaza Strip, but is considered to be in danger of depletion, pollution or salinization due to excessive pumping and the growth of urban areas and industrial activity.

Map of Palestinian Refugee Camps in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the West Bank and Gaza

A war between Israel and Hezbollah that took place on 12 July–14 August 2006. The immediate cause of the war was a Hezbollah operation against an IDF patrol that left three soldiers dead and two missing, followed by widespread retaliation ordered by Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert. Initially conceived as a limited operation to end low-intensity Hezbollah attacks occurring since the 2000 Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, it eventually became a full-scale invasion that led to extensive damage and civilian casualties in Lebanon. Most combat operations occurred in southern Lebanon, with extensive Israeli airstrikes on Hezbollah strongholds in Beirut and commando operations in the Beqaa Valley. During the war, Hezbollah, under the leadership of Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah, fired thousands of rockets and missiles on localities in northern Israel. The war ended with a ceasefire mandated by UNSC Resolution 1701, including a reinforced UNIFIL mandate and the deployment of the Lebanese Army in the south. Israel completed its withdrawal from Lebanese territory in October 2006.

A peace treaty between Israel and Jordan, signed at the Wadi Araba Border Crossing on 26 October 1994. It followed the Washington Declaration of July 1995 which officially ended the state of war between the two countries. The treaty was signed by Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Jordanian Prime Minister Abdul Salam al-Majali and witnessed by US President Bill Clinton. Also in attendance were Israeli President Ezer Weizmann, King Hussein of Jordan and US Secretary of State Warren Christopher. The treaty established peace and mutual recognition between the two countries; determined the international boundary on the basis of the 1922 Transjordan Memorandum, without prejudice to the future status of the Palestinian Territories, and with special arrangements for the Baqura/Naharayim area; recognized Jordan’s special role with regard to the Historical Basin in Jerusalem; and established full diplomatic relations, as well as cooperation in security and civil affairs.