A plan formulated by US Special Envoy Anthony Zinni, published on 26 March 2002. The purpose of the short-term plan was to de-escalate the situation following a wave of Palestinian militant attacks and Israeli incursions that occurred in early 2002 as part of the Second Intifada. The plan was divided into three phases involving a gradual redeployment of Israeli forces to pre-Intifada positions and the assumption of security responsibilities by the Palestinians, as well as efforts to prevent incitement and terrorism. One day after the publication of the plan, a Hamas suicide bombing took place in Netanya. It was followed by a major Israeli incursion into Palestinian cities known as Operation Defensive Shield, thus preempting implementation of the plan.