A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt signed in Washington, DC, on 26 March 1979. It was signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, and witnessed by US President Jimmy Carter. The treaty was the culmination of negotiations which began with Sadat’s visit to Jerusalem in 1977, and followed the framework established in the Camp David Accords of 1978, for which Sadat and Begin were awarded that year’s Nobel Peace Prize. According to the treaty, Israel was to withdraw all military and civilian presence from the Sinai Peninsula, returning to the 1949 armistice line. This included the evacuation of a number of Israeli settlements established since 1967, notably the towns of Ofira (Sharm el-Sheikh) and Yamit (near El-Arish). The withdrawal was completed in June 1982. Egypt agreed to the demilitarization of the Sinai Peninsula, except for limited police presence, monitored by the Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) created in 1981. In addition, diplomatic and trade relations were established between the two countries.

An agreement between Egypt and Israel that was signed in Geneva, Switzerland, on 4 September 1975, subsequent to the Disengagement Agreement of 18 January 1974. In addition to further redeployment of their armed forces, the two countries resolved “not to resort to the threat or use of force or military blockade against each other”, to observe the ceasefire ending the 1973 War, and to pursue a peace settlement based on UN Security Council Resolution 338. The day before it was signed, the agreement was approved by the Knesset with a vote of 70 For, 43 Against, 7 Abstaining.

An agreement between Israel and Egypt facilitating withdrawals by both countries’ armed forces following the 1973 War, signed on 18 January 1974 on the 101km marker of the Cairo-Suez road. It involved the redeployment of Egyptian forces west of the Suez Canal, and Israeli forces east of it, with a buffer zone on both sides of the canal monitored by the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF). The agreement, signed by the chiefs of staff of both armies, was specifically mentioned not to be a “final peace agreement”, but the first step towards peace. A similar agreement was signed between Israel and Syria on 31 May 1974.

A modus vivendi, or provisional understanding, signed between Israel and Egypt on 22 February 1950, and meant to complement the 1949 Israel-Egypt Armistice Agreement. In the interest of reducing tensions along the border between Israel and the Gaza Strip, the understanding establishes three zones, one on the Israeli and two on the Egyptian side of the armistice line, and limits the amount and armament of military personnel in these zones. The agreement also provided for limited territorial exchange, with Egypt receiving additional territory at the intersection of the Israel-Gaza Strip-Egypt borders, while Israel was compensated with a strip of territory along the northeastern border of the Gaza Strip.

Reference map of Arab localities that were under Jordanian control at the conclusion of the 1948 War, but subsequently transferred to Israel under the terms of the 1949 armistice agreement between the two countries. In return, Israel transferred control of Arab localities in the Hebron area. The areas in question, known as Wadi Ara and the Little Triangle, contain a large portion of Israel's Arab population.

A legal document adopted by the League of Nations on 24 July 1922. It established the United Kingdom as a Mandatory in control of Palestine, which had been officially under military government since the British occupied it from the Ottoman Empire during World War I. It was based on the Sykes-Picot Agreement and the understandings reached at the Paris and San Remo Conferences. The document provided for the administration of Palestine by the British with the aim of establishing the Jewish national home as mentioned in the 1917 Balfour Declaration, ensuring that the rights and positions of other communities in Palestine, as well as holy places, be preserved. Article 25 of the Mandate allowed the British, with the consent of the League of Nations, to “withhold or postpone” the application of certain provisions of the Mandate with regard to the territory east of the Jordan River and administer it separately from the rest of Palestine, a right which it exercised with the Transjordan Memorandum later in 1922.

A “national defense scheme” for the Jewish population in Palestine authored by Elimelech ‘Avner’ Zelikowitz, a member of the Haganah, the largest Zionist militia, in June 1937. The plan was prepared in response to a request by Haganah leadership, ahead of the possible termination of the Mandate for Palestine and outbreak of a Jewish-Arab civil war. The scheme detailed the military, financial and territorial outlines of the Jewish war effort, based on a phased advancement from north to south.

A law enacted by the Knesset on 18 February 2005, by a vote of 59 For, 40 Against, 5 Abstaining. The law contained measures related to the implementation of the Disengagement Plan, proposed in 2003-4 by Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, by which Israel was to withdraw all military and civilian presence from the Gaza Strip and parts of the northern West Bank. The law is most known for providing arrangements for compensation to be given for residences and businesses evacuated, and is thus nicknamed the “Evacuation-Compensation Law” in Israel. The withdrawal was approved by the Government of Israel in February 2005 and implemented in August 2005.

Reference map of landing strips at Ben-Gurion International Airport, the primary gateway for international air traffic in and out of Israel. Located only a few kilometers away from the 1967 lines, the security of this airport is considered by Israel to be a vital component of security arrangements in a future Israeli-Palestinian settlement.

Reference map of roads used by Israelis in the West Bank.