A resolution adopted by the Government of Israel under Prime Minister Ariel Sharon on 20 February 2005, subsequent to GOI Resolutions 2077 and 883

An armistice agreement concluding the 1948 War between Israel and Syria, signed on Hill 232 near the Israeli-Syrian border, on 20 July 1949. As the last agreement signed between Israel and an Arab country, it brought the war to its official conclusion. The armistice line largely followed the 1923 Mandatory border, though differences between the two lines were a source of disagreement during the Israeli-Syrian peace negotiations. Three areas west of the armistice line that were controlled by Syrian forces at the time of the signing were designated in the agreement as demilitarized zones: the Banias area at the northern end of the armistice line; the area south of Lake Hula, and a narrow strip along the Jordan River up to the Sea of Galilee; and the area southeast of the Sea of Galilee and along the Yarmuk River up to El-Hama.

An agreement between Israel and Syria facilitating withdrawals by both countries’ armed forces following the 1973 War, signed on 31 May 1974 in Geneva, Switzerland, ending a period of attrition warfare following the ceasefire. As part of the agreement, Israel agreed to withdraw from territories it held beyond the 1967 ceasefire lines. The agreement delineated two disengagement lines, with the buffer zone between them monitored by the newly-established United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF). It also contained provisions for a mutual exchange of POWs. The lines established in the agreement continue to serve as the de facto border between Israel and Syria. A similar agreement was signed between Israel and Egypt on 18 January 1974.

A modus vivendi, or provisional understanding, signed between Israel and Egypt on 22 February 1950, and meant to complement the 1949 Israel-Egypt Armistice Agreement. In the interest of reducing tensions along the border between Israel and the Gaza Strip, the understanding establishes three zones, one on the Israeli and two on the Egyptian side of the armistice line, and limits the amount and armament of military personnel in these zones. The agreement also provided for limited territorial exchange, with Egypt receiving additional territory at the intersection of the Israel-Gaza Strip-Egypt borders, while Israel was compensated with a strip of territory along the northeastern border of the Gaza Strip.

Reference map of Arab localities that were under Jordanian control at the conclusion of the 1948 War, but subsequently transferred to Israel under the terms of the 1949 armistice agreement between the two countries. In return, Israel transferred control of Arab localities in the Hebron area. The areas in question, known as Wadi Ara and the Little Triangle, contain a large portion of Israel's Arab population.

An agreement between Israel and Egypt facilitating withdrawals by both countries’ armed forces following the 1973 War, signed on 18 January 1974 on the 101km marker of the Cairo-Suez road. It involved the redeployment of Egyptian forces west of the Suez Canal, and Israeli forces east of it, with a buffer zone on both sides of the canal monitored by the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF). The agreement, signed by the chiefs of staff of both armies, was specifically mentioned not to be a “final peace agreement”, but the first step towards peace. A similar agreement was signed between Israel and Syria on 31 May 1974.

An agreement between Egypt and Israel that was signed in Geneva, Switzerland, on 4 September 1975, subsequent to the Disengagement Agreement of 18 January 1974. In addition to further redeployment of their armed forces, the two countries resolved “not to resort to the threat or use of force or military blockade against each other”, to observe the ceasefire ending the 1973 War, and to pursue a peace settlement based on UN Security Council Resolution 338. The day before it was signed, the agreement was approved by the Knesset with a vote of 70 For, 43 Against, 7 Abstaining.

A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt signed in Washington, DC, on 26 March 1979. It was signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, and witnessed by US President Jimmy Carter. The treaty was the culmination of negotiations which began with Sadat’s visit to Jerusalem in 1977, and followed the framework established in the Camp David Accords of 1978, for which Sadat and Begin were awarded that year’s Nobel Peace Prize. According to the treaty, Israel was to withdraw all military and civilian presence from the Sinai Peninsula, returning to the 1949 armistice line. This included the evacuation of a number of Israeli settlements established since 1967, notably the towns of Ofira (Sharm el-Sheikh) and Yamit (near El-Arish). The withdrawal was completed in June 1982. Egypt agreed to the demilitarization of the Sinai Peninsula, except for limited police presence, monitored by the Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) created in 1981. In addition, diplomatic and trade relations were established between the two countries.

A peace treaty between Israel and Jordan, signed at the Wadi Araba Border Crossing on 26 October 1994. It followed the Washington Declaration of July 1995 which officially ended the state of war between the two countries. The treaty was signed by Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Jordanian Prime Minister Abdul Salam al-Majali and witnessed by US President Bill Clinton. Also in attendance were Israeli President Ezer Weizmann, King Hussein of Jordan and US Secretary of State Warren Christopher. The treaty established peace and mutual recognition between the two countries; determined the international boundary on the basis of the 1922 Transjordan Memorandum, without prejudice to the future status of the Palestinian Territories, and with special arrangements for the Baqura/Naharayim area; recognized Jordan’s special role with regard to the Historical Basin in Jerusalem; and established full diplomatic relations, as well as cooperation in security and civil affairs.

A draft plan for a unilateral Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and most of the West Bank, with the goal of determining the final borders of the country independently of Israeli-Palestinian negotiations. The document was published by the Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem in August 2002, and based on research work by a team led by retired IDF general Uri Sagi and former negotiator Gilead Sher. The proposal suggests a two-phase process whose goal is to promote a permanent settlement to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict along the lines of US President George Bush’s Vision for Peace. The first phase, with a time frame of 18 months, would entail the completion of the West Bank Separation Barrier and the evacuation of a small number of Israeli settlements. The second phase, put into operation in case the first phase didn’t lead to successful bilateral negotiations, would involve the relocation of all Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip, as well as West Bank settlements outside the large settlement blocs, to Israel, while introducing an international force into the evacuated territories.